2. What are the three different types of muscle? Name a location they are found.
Answer: http://health.howstuffworks.com/human-body/systems/musculoskeletal/muscle.htm Skeletal muscle is the type of muscle that we can see and feel. When a body builder works out to increase muscle mass, skeletal muscle is what is being exercised. Skeletal muscles attach to the skeleton and come in pairs -- one muscle to move the bone in one direction and another to move it back the other way. These muscles usually contract voluntarily, meaning that you think about contracting them and your nervous system tells them to do so. They can do a short, single contraction (twitch) or a long, sustained contraction (tetanus).
Smooth muscle is found in your digestive system, blood vessels, bladder, airways and, in a female, the uterus. Smooth muscle has the ability to stretch and maintain tension for long periods of time. It contracts involuntarily, meaning that you do not have to think about contracting it because your nervous system controls it automatically. For example, your stomach and intestines do their muscular thing all day long, and, for the most part, you never know what's going on in there.
Cardiac muscle is found only in your heart, and its big features are endurance and consistency. It can stretch in a limited way, like smooth muscle, and contract with the force of a skeletal muscle. It is a twitch muscle only and contracts involuntarily.
3. Give 3 examples of involuntary muscle.
Answer: http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_basics/bones_muscles_joints.html#a_What_Are_the_Muscles_and_What_Do_They_Do_ Smooth, or involuntary, muscle is also made of fibers, but this type of muscle looks smooth, not striated. Generally, we can't consciously control our smooth muscles; rather, they're controlled by the nervous system automatically (which is why they are also called involuntary). Examples of smooth muscles are the walls of the stomach and intestines, which help break up food and move it through the digestive system.
Smooth muscle is also found in the walls of blood vessels, where it squeezes the stream of blood flowing through the vessels to help maintain blood pressure. Smooth muscles take longer to contract than skeletal muscles do, but they can stay contracted for a long time because they don't tire easily. Cardiac (pronounced: kar-dee-ak) muscle is found in the heart. The walls of the heart's chambers are composed almost entirely of muscle fibers. Cardiac muscle is also an involuntary type of muscle. Its rhythmic, powerful contractions force blood out of the heart as it beats.
Nervous System
4. Both the brain and the spinal cord are protected by (a) . The brain by the bones of the skull, and the spinal cord by a set of ring-shaped bones called (b) . They're both cushioned by layers of membranes called (c) , as well as a special fluid called cerebrospinal fluid. This fluid helps protect the nerve tissue, keep it healthy, and remove waste products.
8. How many odors can the average human recognize? How is the sense of smell similar to the sense of taste?
Answer: http://www.hhmi.org/senses/ The average human can recognize over 10,000 different odors. Both smell and taste require us to inhale or small chemical substances that attach to receptor cells.
11. Once air is expelled from the body, it contains this much more carbon dioxide than it did before.
Answer: http://library.thinkquest.org/5777/resp1.htm We breathe in order to take oxygen into our bodies and get rid of carbon dioxide. The oxygen is carried in the blood to all the body's cells. The air we breath out has 100 times more carbon dioxide than the air we breath in.
12. True or False: Cystic Fibrosis is easily curable by vaccination.
15. How many bones make up our skeletal system? What are the 5 main classifications of these bones?
Answer: http://www.brianmac.co.uk/physiol.htm 206 bones make up our skeletal system. The five main classifications of bones are:Long (e.g. femur),Short(e.g. tarsal bones of the foot),Flat(e.g. frontal bone of the skull),Irregular(e.g. vertebrae) and Sesamoid (e.g. knee cap).
16. What is ossification? At what age is the body said to be "skeletally mature"?
Answer: http://www.cancerindex.org/medterm/medtm6.htm
Ossification is the gradual conversion of cartilage of cartilage or other tissue into bone. Most bone growth occurs during childhood, and ossification of most bones is usually complete by age 25. The 5 bones of the sacrum fuse together from ages 18 to 25. When all bone growth is complete the body is said to be skeletally mature.
http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/biology/humananatomy/skeletal/backbone/backbone.html
The vertebral column is important because in addition to allowing humans to stand upright and maintain their balance, the vertebral column serves several other important functions. It helps to support the head and arms, while permitting freedom of movement. It provides attachment for many muscles, the ribs, and some of the organs and protects the spinal cord, which controls most bodily functions.
Table of Contents
Muscles
1. How many muscles are in your body?
Answer: http://yucky.discovery.com/flash/body/pg000123.html
You have over 630 muscles that move you.
2. What are the three different types of muscle? Name a location they are found.
Answer: http://health.howstuffworks.com/human-body/systems/musculoskeletal/muscle.htm
Skeletal muscle is the type of muscle that we can see and feel. When a body builder works out to increase muscle mass, skeletal muscle is what is being exercised. Skeletal muscles attach to the skeleton and come in pairs -- one muscle to move the bone in one direction and another to move it back the other way. These muscles usually contract voluntarily, meaning that you think about contracting them and your nervous system tells them to do so. They can do a short, single contraction (twitch) or a long, sustained contraction (tetanus).
Smooth muscle is found in your digestive system, blood vessels, bladder, airways and, in a female, the uterus. Smooth muscle has the ability to stretch and maintain tension for long periods of time. It contracts involuntarily, meaning that you do not have to think about contracting it because your nervous system controls it automatically. For example, your stomach and intestines do their muscular thing all day long, and, for the most part, you never know what's going on in there.
Cardiac muscle is found only in your heart, and its big features are endurance and consistency. It can stretch in a limited way, like smooth muscle, and contract with the force of a skeletal muscle. It is a twitch muscle only and contracts involuntarily.
3. Give 3 examples of involuntary muscle.
Answer:
http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_basics/bones_muscles_joints.html#a_What_Are_the_Muscles_and_What_Do_They_Do_
Smooth, or involuntary, muscle is also made of fibers, but this type of muscle looks smooth, not striated. Generally, we can't consciously control our smooth muscles; rather, they're controlled by the nervous system automatically (which is why they are also called involuntary). Examples of smooth muscles are the walls of the stomach and intestines, which help break up food and move it through the digestive system.
Smooth muscle is also found in the walls of blood vessels, where it squeezes the stream of blood flowing through the vessels to help maintain blood pressure. Smooth muscles take longer to contract than skeletal muscles do, but they can stay contracted for a long time because they don't tire easily.
Cardiac (pronounced: kar-dee-ak) muscle is found in the heart. The walls of the heart's chambers are composed almost entirely of muscle fibers. Cardiac muscle is also an involuntary type of muscle. Its rhythmic, powerful contractions force blood out of the heart as it beats.
Nervous System
4. Both the brain and the spinal cord are protected by (a) . The brain by the bones of the skull, and the spinal cord by a set of ring-shaped bones called (b) . They're both cushioned by layers of membranes called (c) , as well as a special fluid called cerebrospinal fluid. This fluid helps protect the nerve tissue, keep it healthy, and remove waste products.
Answer: http://kidshealth.org/parent/general/body_basics/brain_nervous_system.html
a) bones b) vertebrae c) meninges
5. What is The Nervous System made of?
Answer:http://yucky.discovery.com/flash/body/pg000136.html
c) Made up of your brain, your spinal cord, and an enormous network of nerves that thread throughout your body
6. Name at least three things that your Nervous System controls?
Answer: http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-the-Nervous-System.aspx
Smelling tasting and thinking
Special Senses
7. What type of photoreceptor cells allow humans to see color?
Answer: http://www.hhmi.org/senses/
Cone cells
8. How many odors can the average human recognize? How is the sense of smell similar to the sense of taste?
Answer: http://www.hhmi.org/senses/
The average human can recognize over 10,000 different odors. Both smell and taste require us to inhale or small chemical substances that attach to receptor cells.
9. What is the pinna, and what is it for?
Answer: http://health.howstuffworks.com/human-body/systems/ear/hearing.htm
The pinna is the outer part of the ear, which "catches" sound waves.
10. What part of the brain processes touch, temperature, and pain?
Answer: http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/health-and-human-body/human-body/brain-article.html
The parietal loves.
Respiratory System
11. Once air is expelled from the body, it contains this much more carbon dioxide than it did before.
Answer: http://library.thinkquest.org/5777/resp1.htm
We breathe in order to take oxygen into our bodies and get rid of carbon dioxide. The oxygen is carried in the blood to all the body's cells. The air we breath out has 100 times more carbon dioxide than the air we breath in.
12. True or False: Cystic Fibrosis is easily curable by vaccination.
Answer: http://www.suite101.com/content/common-diseases-of-the-respiratory-system-a127477
FALSE. Cystic fibrosis is usually evident in infancy or childhood and there is no cure. Symptoms can be treated with breathing and dietary treatments, but life expectancy is short for sufferers.
13. Why do people yawn?
Answer:http://www.brighthub.com/health/conditions-treatments/articles/57144.aspx
People yawn because the brain detects low levels of oxygen in the lungs and triggers the response so the body will intake a large amount of oxygen.
14. Why is the right lung proven to be larger than the left lung?
Answer: http://www.brighthub.com/health/conditions-treatments/articles/57144.aspx
The right lung in humans is larger than the left lung in order to accommodate the heart.
Bones
15. How many bones make up our skeletal system? What are the 5 main classifications of these bones?
Answer: http://www.brianmac.co.uk/physiol.htm
206 bones make up our skeletal system. The five main classifications of bones are: Long (e.g. femur), Short (e.g. tarsal bones of the foot), Flat (e.g. frontal bone of the skull), Irregular (e.g. vertebrae) and Sesamoid (e.g. knee cap).
16. What is ossification? At what age is the body said to be "skeletally mature"?
Answer: http://www.cancerindex.org/medterm/medtm6.htm
Ossification is the gradual conversion of cartilage of cartilage or other tissue into bone. Most bone growth occurs during childhood, and ossification of most bones is usually complete by age 25. The 5 bones of the sacrum fuse together from ages 18 to 25. When all bone growth is complete the body is said to be skeletally mature.
17. Name the 5 functions of bone.
Answer: http://library.thinkquest.org/2935/Natures_Best/Nat_Best_Low_Level/skeletal_page.L.html
The bone has 5 main functions: support, protection, movement, storage and blood cell formation.
18. List the 5 categories of bones that make up our vertebrae. Why is the vertebral column so important?
Answer: http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio105/bone.htm
Our vertebrae is divided into: cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum and coccyx.
http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/biology/humananatomy/skeletal/backbone/backbone.html
The vertebral column is important because in addition to allowing humans to stand upright and maintain their balance, the vertebral column serves several other important functions. It helps to support the head and arms, while permitting freedom of movement. It provides attachment for many muscles, the ribs, and some of the organs and protects the spinal cord, which controls most bodily functions.